Is spandex (elastane/Lycra) bad for your health?

Spandex, also sold under brand names like Lycra and elastane, is a synthetic polymer made from polyurethane. It is added to an enormous range of garments for stretch and recovery, from activewear and jeans to underwear and bras. While spandex typically makes up a small percentage of a garment's composition (usually 5-20%), its presence means the garment cannot be considered fully natural and may not biodegrade at end of life.

From a skin health perspective, spandex can be problematic for sensitive individuals. The isocyanates used in spandex manufacturing are known respiratory and skin sensitizers. Some people develop allergic reactions to rubber compounds and chemical finishes used to process spandex fibers. Because spandex is almost always blended with other fabrics, it also affects the overall breathability and moisture behavior of the garment—a cotton-spandex blend will trap more heat and moisture than pure cotton.

The good news is that truly high-quality natural fibers can deliver stretch and comfort without spandex. Tencel lyocell has a natural drape and gentle stretch, and certain knit constructions using merino wool or organic cotton can provide the recovery and fit that activewear demands. Reprise Activewear has built their entire line around 100% Tencel with zero spandex, demonstrating that plastic-free stretch is achievable. Boldwill also creates adaptive clothing using thoughtful construction rather than relying heavily on elastane.